【 Weak current College 】 hardware knowledge (3)

Fault instance
Attempts to close the Windows computer is not responding or is blank screen shaped.
Analysis and solution: first of all to determine "exit Windows" sound files were destroyed — click "Control Panel", and then double-click the "voice". In the "events" box, click the "exit Windows". In the "name", click "(none)", and then click OK. Turn off the computer. If Windows shuts down properly, the problem is caused by the exit sound file, to resolve this problem, please select one of the following actions: restore from backup, reinstall the sound file with sound files of the program; configure Windows to not play "exit Windows" sound file.
— — Fast shutdown is a new feature in Windows98, can significantly reduce down time. However, this feature is not compatible with some hardware, if you have these installed in the computer hardware that may cause the computer to stop responding. To disable fast shutdown, click "run" in the "open" box, type "msconfig", and then click OK. Click the "Advanced", click to select the "disable fast shutdown," check box, click OK, and then click OK again. You are prompted to restart the computer to restart. If the computer is shut down properly, the fast shutdown feature is probably installed on your computer one or more of the hardware devices are not compatible.
— Computer "advanced power management (APM)" function can also be caused by shutdown to panic or black screen problem. To determine whether the APM will cause a shutdown problem, double-click the "system". In the "Device Manager" tab, double-click the "system". Double-click the device list in the "advanced power management", click "settings" tab, and then click to clear the "enable power management" check box. Click "OK". Restart your computer, shut down your computer, if the computer is shutdown, the problem probably lies in the APM.
— In the Bootlog.txt file in the location you can shutdown bland.
You can use a text editor, such as "Notepad", check the Bootlog.txt file "Terminate =" entry. These entries are located in the end of the file may be causing the problem with some clues. For each "Terminate =" entry, find the matching EndTerminate = "entry". If the Bootlog.txt file of the final act
"EndTerminate = KERNEL", Windows98 can shut down successfully.
-Check the Config.sys file or the Auto execute .bat file in the conflict. First determine the Config.sys file or Auto execution in a .bat file conflict exists, click "run". In the "open" box, type "Msconfig", and then click OK. Click the "Troubleshooting Startup", click "OK". You are prompted to restart your computer, click the "OK". If your computer's startup or shutdown is not correct, please make sure the problem is caused by a Config.sys or Auto execution which row in a .bat file.
To determine the line causing the problem, restart the computer. When the computer restarts, press and hold down the CTRL key. From the "Startup" menu select "safe mode" in SafeMode. Click "run". In the "open" box, type "Msconfig", and then click OK. Click to clear the Config.sys and Auto Executive .bat tab does not contain Windows icon rows check box. Use the Config.sys file, click to enable a row, click the "OK".
When prompted to restart your computer, click the "OK". If your computer's startup and shutdown are quite normal, enable another row, and repeat the steps to enable the Config.sys file and step by step Auto execute row in a .bat file, until you found the problem.
— Determine the existence of internal systems. Click "run" in the "open" box, type "Msconfig", and then click OK. In the "General" tab click "Advanced". Click to clear the "Advanced Troubleshooting Settings" check box in the following: Disable System ROM Breakpoint; disable virtual HDIRQ; A000-FFFF EMM does not contain, and then click "OK", you are prompted to restart your computer, click the "OK". If the computer starts normally, repeat the steps above, select a check box. Repeat this processevery time you select the other check boxes, until you find your computer fails to start. Once you find the computer does not restart, you can repeat the above steps, click to clear the check box selected earlier.
— Determine the System.ini file or Win.ini file if a conflict exists. "Run". In the "open" box, type "Msconfig", and then click OK.
In the "General" tab, click to clear the "selective startup" all the check boxes, click to select "process system.ini file" check box, click to select "process win.ini file" check box, click OK. Prompted to restart your computer, click the "OK". If your computer fails to start or shutdown, the System.ini or entries in the win.ini file. Please carefully review each entry to determine the cause of the problem. Determine cause problems after an entry, please delete the entries in this section present the bonus number ";" To disable this entry, or modify this entry, so that no longer cause problems.
— Determine the "Startup" folder in the program and start the process of the conflict. "Run". In the "open" box, type "Msconfig", and then click OK.Click to select "Load Startup group items" check box, click OK. Department
Marketing tips when you restart your computer, please click the "OK". If your computer fails to start or shutdown, the cause of the problem may lie in the folder from the "start" to load the program.
Detachable trigger the program in question. "Run". In the "start" box, type "Msconfig", and then click OK to clear the "Load Startup group items check box." In the "Startup" tab, while retaining a check item (any
These are available), clear all other check boxes, click OK. Prompted to restart your computer, click the "OK". If computer restart correctly, repeat the above steps, and only select the "Startup" tab in a check box. If your computer fails to restart, then finally enabled program was the question.
Handling Windows system and application software black screen of death crash sure everybody isoften encountered, it is possible the software itself, but may be software and hardware conflicts, there might be your error method of installation.
For example, some users use Win95 system disk c: disk transfer system and then install Win98 system, it is very likely to occur when updating the system sets the black screen of death crash, so we especially want to note that different DOS boot version do not different mix Windows System. Then, for example, in the BIOS will "VirusWarning" set to "Enabled", then enter to Setup indows hardware detection stage is likely to be a black or panic.
IV. other issues
The correct use of the computer, you can increase system stability and reduce the black screen.
For example, the hardware is properly installed, use the trial version, beta software, and note the installation of new software, it is best not to cover off some system files.
Do not open too many Windows, and reduce the black point, especially memory too low.
In addition, keeping your hard disk and other storage device of a reasonable size and use of space, it is good to reduce black screen of death, this will require periodic defragment my hard drive disk space, increase the stability of your hard disk, but do not let · 1 hard disk space is too full or too many fragmented files.
Properly uninstall software instead of directly on the hard drive to hard delete some system shared file corruption, causing system instability. In addition, correctly switch machine is also very important, as the system uptime in shutting down the power switch, is likely to cause damage to the system files, making the system more black screen of death.
In addition, note the installed software and software, software and hardware, hardware and hardware combination of rationality and reduce panic. For example, if you find that after you install a new software system panic increase, you can uninstall the software, or install the update or more stable version.
Finally, weremind you that the computer equipment cooling and electrostatic situation, good heat dissipation, and proper handling of your computer do the Earth, will significantly reduce the occurrence of black screen of death.
Although it is a cliché, but as long as you got some of our above describes the knowledge, and in dealing with computer black failure, must be more to calm ease.
The last line may cause
Terminate = QueryDrivers memory management program.
Terminate = UnloadNetwork and Config.sys in real-mode network driver conflicts.
Terminate = ResetDisplay may need to disable video ** shadow generation, or it may need more
The new video drivers.
Terminate = RIT sound card or the old mouse driver exists and timer for
Issue.
Terminate = Win32 and 32-bit program related issues blocking the thread.
4): motherboard problems on:
Forums often have friends will ask some questions about motherboard, I write an article and discuss together, as it is profound motherboard technology, cannot be exhaustive, I also level is limited, I am talking about is just the tip of the iceberg, there are many shortcomings, welcome everybody pointed out.
Motherboard technology is very intuitive, it's a design successful motherboard is an art to enjoy general motherboards now!!!, are multilayer printed circuit board. Taiwan motherboard vendor in order to reduce costs, now mostly use the four-storey plate, while the European and American manufacturers out of many server Board, in order to stabilize the mostly used six layers, but early motherboard are double-pane, it is said that now the most complex circuit of the device has more than 112, enough so I estimate is used in military and aerospace technology. The so-called multi-layer circuit board is two-tier above thin double-panel solid glued together into a component, this structure is adapted to the complexity of the design also improves the signal characteristics of power lines and deep in the ground floor boards of the inner layer, less susceptible to interference power clutter, especially high-frequency circuits, you can get better anti-interference ability, surface usually signal layer, so the volume circuit board can also be reduced, costs can be reduced. However many layer design brings the biggest problem is difficult to repair, if you install the motherboard in the process of excessive bending, may undermine these hidden copper conductors. Repair of such destruction is very difficult. In addition the motherboard has a lot of resistance and capacitance, as ** T SMD components, DIP plug components, large factory soldering or surface Assembly to connect plug-ins, and some small factory producing kitchen, many parts are assembled with artificial, it is difficult to guarantee quality. Finally to clarify a misunderstanding, the Board is not a number, the more the better, the key is to look at the design level, the engineer 4-layer has been very stable so why spend more money to buy 6 laminates? 4-layer Board meets six laminates level illustrates the design of the engineerLevel high!!!
Same capacitor is also very important for the general good of the Board in the vicinity of the CPU and the AGP slot using a large number of high-capacity capacitor (preferably tantalum capacitors) generally, the capacitor is small and large, little more than the output current is purified and stability. Another good Board using SMD capacitor, than the ordinary life of electrolytic capacitors. Wiring is also very important, we often see many hunting wiring, its main role is to ensure that the length of the line, reducing the work of inductance and mutual interference. Good motherboard layout is smooth, small capacitors and other components were not overwhelming or significant deformation of the marks, the Board of copper foil conductor is smooth, even without burrs, solder joints. Motherboard components with work as important, a good motherboard with CPU, AGP, PCI slot, with FOXCOM, MOLEX, brand name components such as external KORTAK. Repeatedly plug are does not produce bad contact. I carefully compare, personally think that in the Taiwan region, Gigabyte motherboards work best, ASUS, l and third, while working as the top three weixing, but stability is good. You if you have a condition, you can compare yourself, see Gigabyte motherboards obvious than other Board looks to feel well, of course, Micronics, Supermicro and other European and American manufacturers technology level are also very good, used for server workstation. I can not afford it.
Turning to the motherboard must talk Board structure, the Board is normally provided by the chipset, cpu, memory slot, socket I/O slots (including AGP, PCI, ISA) BIOS/CMOS chip, IDE or SCSI interface, soft area interface, power interface, serial port, parallel port, USB interface. Mouse and keyboard connectors, battery, Crystal, infrared interface, AMR interface, etc. If the cpu is the core, the chipset is the soul, some time ago is VIA 686B South Bridge of appear off files, VIA the netizens in the eyes of a heavy blow to the brilliant image, chipset market competition is very fierce, a large slip may forever be emancipated, not alarmist, here are some 586 times or more ancient chipset manufacturers, we look at a few home stay in everyone's mind: Intel, Chips, Vlsi, OPTI, UMC, OAK, NEC, VIA, TEXAS, EFAR, T ** C, LSI, SIS, ALI, AMD, CYRIX, ETEQ, ACC, WINBOND, HARRIS, PICOPOWER, probably left CONTAQ, few companies, we can imagine to chipset market competition intense, sincerely hope to be able to properly handle this VIA, don't skimp and live up to the majority of computer enthusiasts support!!!