【 Weak current college 】 computer crash circumstances analysis (1)

PC Lockup is our everyday life experience up to PC one failure because computer panic has both a software failure, hardware failure, the solution seems more trouble, more time-consuming, but also our most headache problem.

1. press the fault type classification
(A) hardware

1.CPU
(1) CPU internal damage to the L2 cache section, in which the computer is running easy panic phenomenon or only in safe mode but not in normal mode. But this kind of failure, if your motherboard supports shield L2 cache feature, we can sacrifice computer CPU speed to avoid replacing, in the BIOS Setup to CPU L2 cache turned off.
(2) CPU damage
When the CPU is part of the damage, then power on the machine may be a monitor has image appears, but you cannot post or is unable to load the system. But mostly I cannot start the computer, then we use exclusion method can quickly concluded.
(3) CPU power supply is insufficient or poor quality power supply
If the motherboard CPU around filter capacitor with bubbling, leakage will cause CPU power of poor quality, ripple, up to large system causes system often running panic; in the latter case is the host of switching power supply power shortage, in particular the + 5V or + 12V CPU power for the poor or the way voltage filter is the current inadequate (Special note for PIV motherboard power supply using a PIII, not for CPU power on the motherboard to provide secondary power supply interface, while the ability to boot normally into the desktop computer. ), Also appears in running a panic situation. Of course, the CPU socket and CPU access is not good, will not start or panic, but we are seated a few times after the exclusion of CPU.

2. memory
(1) on the same machine using two or two above different brands of different performance chips
When we use on a computer with two more memory, if the memory stick is not of the same brand or memory chips are not the same manufacturer, because the memory of the refresh rate or frequency of the reasons that might appear in system instability or panic, particularly our memory frequency too high setting, will result in system instability. Therefore in order to ensure stable and reliable work of the computer, it is best to use the same batch of the same type of memory chips.
(2) memory performance, product quality is stable
Note for some other brand, because production costs and sales prices, such purchasing memory chips generally for BC-level chip, so the memory of the stability and reliability to less, running big game program or the long-running process is prone to panic. Exclude method also uses a process of elimination, but sometimes because the motherboard memory chip supply reasons, might such a note in some motherboard will panic, while in others the motherboard has a long-running properly, more difficult to resolve.
(3) memory use of overclocking performance or acceleration
Some motherboard manufacturers in order to meet the needs of DIY expert, in the motherboard's BIOS settings for CPU FSB and within-frequency memory frequency and PCI and other related equipment in the frequency of the manually option is set, you can use for overclocking. When you use the overclocking performance for some low-end memory stick will appear work instability phenomena which cause a system panic, to ensure the system's stability and reliability, we generally do not use the overclocking or acceleration, so as not to affect the normal service life of the machine.
Another possibility is that we in the BIOS settings for the wrong memory stick working parameters, you need to specify the use of "BYSPD" i.e. memory above SPD chip storage memory parameters work.

3. graphics card
(1) graphics card cooling fan is damaged or heatsink loose, lead video overheat and panic
Graphics as text and images of important deal, its stability and reliability of a direct relationship with the computer's performance. In practice, often because of the video image processing chip using the heatsink is too small or long use deformation loose, there is the cooling fan stops working after damage, this will result in video processing chip overheat and there video corruption or panic. We can observe after voiding the chassis for the video card cooling fan is running or speed is normal, or directly by hand gently wipe the radiator surface (avoid Scalds) is overheating. In practice, even the three elements of the video card is used on the fan but also the use of six months, the performance will be noticeably increase the speed, the noise or even stopped declining. Individual graphics and even out-of-the-thermal fan + 5V power supply plug has backwards, video card fan simply does not work (of course this will not cause any damage, only need to plug in turn on it, but people can't understand is this video is how QC testing?).
There is some passive heatsink after prolonged use, dirt above the heatsink is too thick, it will cause adverse heat, resulting in graphics chip overheat and panic. For this, we need to be careful on the video card.
(2) poor graphics performance
This is the video performance of failure, but a comparative failure is not very subtle, intuitive, and requires long observation or testing to find.
(3) video card drivers installation error or an incompatible version
This fault in the actual computer panic maintenance should be accounted for 10 per cent. Because the machine-to-models are not familiar with loading the wrong video driver, or XP system owned by the video driver, then the video itself comes with drivers for the CD-ROM itself exists BUG, use the panic away driver failure (such as the small yingba 6817R video card, use the driver CD drivers will often panic, out driving, video phenomenon, But replace the public version of the drivers that there would be no problem. )。
There is for WIN98 system we install DIRECTX9.0 used will panic and other similar situations.
(4) theBoard of the AGP slot power supply is insufficient or inadequate power from the host
If we observe will find different motherboard its AGP slot of the power supply is different, they are using the power to adjust the size of power, the power supply issue exists. If we use the power consumption of the AGP video card, video card, the greater their power connector is not expanded; or a host of switching power supply wattage offset hours will often appear normal desktop operating system entry, typing and typesetting and no problem, but a large 3D, 2D game is prone to panic, but again reset may not reset, you must shut down after a few minutes to restart. This kind of failure is typical of the AGP slot power tube overheating. Here to note that the video itself has the power to expand interface, we must use, because this kind of video card power consumption is very large, the heat are large, also note that the thermal problem, adjacent PCI slots best vacancies.
However, some motherboards can directly in the BIOS on the AGP slot of the output voltage is adjusted each time, when the video card 0.1V video corruption, panic, and we can try to increase the output voltage of AGP, see whether 0.1V.
(5) graphics and AGP slot on the motherboard or poor contact is the AGP slot on too much dust
Because the cause of the chassis, in actual fault repair will often appear in a new buying initially in the use of machines often panic or video corruption, out driving in fault, because machine phase of standardization, the video installation is not in place, the video card edge connector with the AGP slot no completely reliable contact.
Host poor working environment, because too many dust can also cause video bad and panic.

4. the Board
Motherboard as CPU, memory, video card, and other parts of the work platform, its quality has a direct bearing on the work of the host State, the motherboard is the problem more parts.
(1) the simplest and most effective exclusion panic fault-clearing the dust on the motherboard
Now most of the computer motherboard is the four-layer Board, 6-layer Board, the use of components and cabling are very precise, so insignificant dust often result in paralysis of the host work. Dust in the excessive accumulation of motherboard, will absorb the moisture in the air, dust will render certain electrical conductivity, may have different signals on the motherboard to connect or short circuit resistance, capacitance, signal transmission errors or changes in the working point lead hosts work instability or does not start.
Our actual maintenance often encounter because motherboard dust caused hosts frequently panic, restart, can not find the keyboard, turn on the alarm, but we clean the dust, self-healing fault dead is for this reason.
(2) check the filter capacitor on the motherboard has no bubble, leakage phenomenon
Motherboard CPU power, memory, AGP slot power filter capacitor bubbling, leakage, loss of capacity will result in the relevant parts of the supply voltage variation leads to instability and using host panic. In fact, the Board of electrolytic capacitor bubbling or leakage, loss of tolerance is not a problem because of the quality of products, but because the motherboard's work environment is too poor. We carefully observe will find, bubbling, leakage, loss of capacity of the capacitor that most appear on the CPU, memory, AGP slot next to the edge, in fact, these parts are the large heat in your computer, in the high temperature baking for a long time, Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor will appear above the failure. At the same time, a capacitor leakage in bubble, the majority of the Board are to appear in Internet cafes and other long boot environment, home users occurs very rarely (of course, there are indeed are quality problems, I am here not excused for manufacturers. )
In the actual repair, my company in the last 10 months to provide customers with the P266A motherboard ascore media, a new motherboard, customers use a month's time, when you actually find back CPU following PCB already blackening carbonization, CPU around several high-power power tube, rectifiers are because solder melting and shift. This motherboard is therefore rejected. I really want to not understand that this motherboard is not placed in the wrong place, is not to copy a bin?
In practice I encountered motherboard bubbling more Board has: jiebo 845DPro, jiebo 845EPRO, jiebo 694AS2, jiebo 603CTF, jiebo S447, weixing 845GMAX (MS-6580).
(3) of the memory on the motherboard or video card power supply power supply of power possess no discoloration or burn the cracked
Similar to paragraph (2) a problem, because the memory and graphics cards, the current work, use the appropriate power adjustment tube heat damage, graphics AGP slot or the memory of the supply voltage instability leads to panic or alarm, etc.
(4) other conditions
The interface chip on the motherboard, Southbridge chip has a problem, will also appear in the system is running in a panic. And so on

5. hard disk
Hard drive as one of the computer's external memory, the capacity is increasing, its reliability and stability directly related to the computer's normal work.
(1) hard disk power supply instability or insufficient or poor quality power supply
If the host uses the switching power supply's power is too small or of poor quality, when the load increase is prone to voltage fluctuation obvious or current decline, in which case the hard disk is prone to read disk or an entire hard drive is lost, this will cause the host suddenly blue screen of death.
Another scenario is hard drive power connector rusty or broken, the virtual welding, or because the host power of the D-shaped four-core power plugs for internal of rusty metal Reed will result in poor contact, caused HD working status variation. This kind of loveComparative fault conditions a concealed, it is difficult to isolatethe fault of true lies.
(2) hard drive data cable is bad or poor quality
Play hard drive data cables to the working poor or during the installation process is not in place, brutal and reassembled, crooked needle needles, will cause the data during the transfer process is not stable and cause system panic. Exclusion is to use the Replace method, is not a problem with a data cable.
(3) hard disk cache corruption on
This fault relatively rare, if a hard disk on a cache corruption can cause the data transfer speed is very slow, you cannot install the system or systems in the course of sudden panic.
(4) hard drive slave jumper settings error
(5) hard drive disc surface bad track too much or head off and the other hard drive failure
(6) BIOS settings incorrect
(7) the IDE connector on the motherboard (which is the southbridge chip) has failed, the data transfer rate is too high. You can use the Replace method, when a CDROM boot normally, and the optical drive you can find out the Exchange IDE interface.

6. CD-ROM drive
(1) poor optical drive performance
The individual optical drive has failed and will host a special during the boot process is slow, or in the BIOS does not find CD/DVD drive, can not be checked by compensation since may, could not be started. There is access to the system, but as long as the little icon for the drive, the system did not respond for a long period of time, expressed as panic State.
Troubleshoot when removing the optical drive and boot the system, the system can not work properly.
(2) CD-ROM drive does not support DMA transfers, but in BIOS Setup, or the Windows Device Manager open the optical drive the DMA function
This performance is not supported by the DMA transport for the drive to open the optical drive after the DMA channel plays VCD or DVD screen, play, sometimes panic. The solution in the Device Manager to close the optical drive of DMA switch.
(3) the optical drive data cable quality is not good.
This fault is analogous to the hard drive.
(4) drive slave jumper settings error
(5) a brand of the CD drive and some brand motherboard compatibility is not good, in the access of such optical drive, host startup speed very slow or not recognize the disc, after entering the system, the system does not have a CDROM drive symbol often panic, etc.

7.USB equipment
(1) USB power supply is insufficient, leading mobile hard drive does not correctly use or copy the data in panic
(2) to the motherboard's USB device compatibility, using some USB devices when panic
(3) USB interface is damaged, or the wrong connection
USB interface can also be reversed, and that you believe? you can actually use, but someone put a USB device, in turn, insert the USB interface, plug will not go on, but will put the USB interface inside the plastic plug positioning column, then put inside the data or short-circuit power Reed, the result is a system crash or because the power circuit failed to turn on the host, may also be reflected in the use process host suddenly shut down restart.
Then the chassis front panel USB and motherboard F-USB jumper connections. Good Board has reverse function, when the power cord connected backwards, even if you insert a USB drive or other USB device, it will not be burned lines or equipment. But some low-end motherboard the USB power supply by switching power supply, while the add-in can be a very good support for the use of mobile hard drive, but when the line connection error, will direct burning Board or USB device. If only the data cable is connected backwards when it cannot find the USB device.

8. the other serial port or parallel port peripherals
(1) vinyl cutter
Use the parallel port of stone, Roland cutting plotter if we first opened the lettering machines, some hosts will not turned on, press the power switch after the host has no response. Only the first opening the host, and then open the plotter, you can work properly. Some of the serial port of the plotter or external cats also have similar phenomena.
(2) printer
Use the parallel port of the dot matrix printer or other printer, if because of operational mistake cause printer parallel port communications chip burned and damaged, then we again use the printing function will cause the host to crash.
Use a USB printer such failures are rare, but because of the USB cable can also cause poor quality in data transfers data loss and lost print silly tasks or system crash. There is a USB plug connector is loose, or a similar fault occurs.
(3) external cat or cat ADSL broadband
Some external cat or cats may be broadband design reasons in actual use, if you open these devices will not turn on the host.
(4) display
This happens although few, but in actual use as the monitor's view on processing chip damage can also lead to host doesn't turn on.
(5) other external devices, such as game handle
We use game handle, some will need to install the driver. These drivers on the host startup process will check for the appropriate device. If we do not have to uninstall the driver and just put the device is removed from the parallel port, appears in the computer startup process is very slow, then in the use process may suddenly panic.